Aromatase

What it is and why it matters

What is Aromatase

• An enzyme that converts androgens (like testosterone) into estrogens (like estrone and estradiol).

• It is present in various tissues throughout the body in both males and females, including fat tissue surrounding our internal organs.

• Aromatase activity impacts estrogen balance, which can further impact occurrence of various conditions.

Why It Matters

The impact of aromatase activity on symptoms and conditions should be evaluated in context of other contributing factors. These are potential ways altered aromatase activity may contribute to hormone imbalance.

• In females: Excess aromatase activity can increase estrogen levels, leading to symptoms of estrogen dominance or excess.

• In males: Higher aromatase activity can potentially lower testosterone levels and a relative excess of estradiol, resulting in symptoms of estrogen dominance.

• Understanding healthy aromatase activity is important for maintaining ongoing hormone balance through all stages of life.

• For individuals on hormone therapy: Aromatase activity can impact outcomes of therapy

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Factors that increase aromatase activity can lead to imbalances in estrogen:

• Obesity

• Inflammation

• Insulin resistance

• Stress

• Alcohol

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Tips to Support Healthy Aromatase Activity

Nutrient support
Incorporating diverse sources of phytonutrients can help maintain healthy aromatase activity. Some examples include:

• Green tea (contains EGCG)

• Grapes, berries (source of resveratrol)

• Apples, onions (source of quercetin)

• Flax seeds (source of lignans)

• Artichokes (source of fiber)

Stress management
Chronic stress can increase aromatase activity, leading to an imbalance in hormone levels. Here are a few strategies to reduce stress:

• Mindfulness practices: Meditation, yoga, and deep breathing can help lower stress hormones.

• Regular exercise: Physical activity releases endorphins, improving mood and reducing stress.

• Adequate sleep: Prioritize quality sleep to help your body regulate stress and hormone balance.

• Social support: Spending time with loved ones or engaging in hobbies can alleviate stress and promote well-being.

References

1. Simpson ER, Clyne C, Rubin G, Boon WC, Robertson K, Britt K, Speed C, Jones M. Aromatase--a brief overview. Annu Rev Physiol. 2002;64:93-127. doi: 10.1146/annurev.physiol.64.081601.142703. PMID: 11826265.

2. Blakemore J, Naftolin F. Aromatase: Contributions to Physiology and Disease in Women and Men. Physiology (Bethesda). 2016 Jul;31(4):258-69. doi: 10.1152/physiol.00054.2015. PMID: 27252161.

3. Adams LS, Chen S. Phytochemicals for breast cancer prevention by targeting aromatase. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2009 Jan 1;14(10):3846-63. doi: 10.2741/3493. PMID: 19273315.

4. Wang C, Mäkelä T, Hase T, Adlercreutz H, Kurzer MS. Lignans and flavonoids inhibit aromatase enzyme in human preadipocytes. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1994 Aug;50(3-4):205-12. doi: 10.1016/0960-0760(94)90030-2. PMID: 8049151.

5. Satoh K, Sakamoto Y, Ogata A, Nagai F, Mikuriya H, Numazawa M, Yamada K, Aoki N. Inhibition of aromatase activity by green tea extract catechins and their endocrinological effects of oral administration in rats. Food Chem Toxicol. 2002 Jul;40(7):925-33. doi: 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00066-2. PMID: 12065214.

Disclaimer: The contents of this newsletter are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.

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